My essay

KONTRIBUSI BAGI INDONESIA

Dimana ada kemauan disitulah ada jalan,mungkin kata-kata itulah yang tepat jika seseorang ingin mencapai sesuatu. Tak terkecuali saya sendiri,saya bukan terlahir dari keluarga yang kaya raya dan bergelar sarjana,ayah saya hanya seorang supir gas LPG yang pendapatannya bisa dikatakan cukup. Bermodalkan pandai mengemudi dan tenaga yang kuat untuk mengangkat tabung-tabung gas. Timbul pertanyaan apakah saya harus berbangga atau berkecil hati?
Pastinya saya akan bangga karena saya selalu menerima “motivasi” dan dukungan dari orang tua. Motivasi didapatkan secara langsung atau tidak langsung oleh seseorang mulai dari sekolah dasar hingga dewasa yang dapat memberikan pengaruh yang cukup signifikan pada kehidupan dimasa depan.
Saat masa sekolah menengah pertama saya benar-benar mendapatkan motivasi yang membuka segala pemahaman saya tentang persaingan sehat dalam pendidikan. Saat itu,ada sebuah sistem sekolah yang disebut kelas binaan dimana siswa-siswa berprestasi ditempatkan dikelas itu. Disaring dengan cara melihat nilai rapor,jika mendapat peringkat pertama,kedua dan ketiga otomatis akan masuk ke kelas binaan. Saya mendapatkan posisi peringkat 2 saat itu dan masuk ke kelas binaan. Mungkin hal tersebut adalah hal yang biasa bagi para siswa berprestasi lainnya,namun saya berusaha sangat keras untuk menjadi salah satu dari mereka yang berprestasi. Itu semua saya lakukan bukan untuk kepuasan akan diri saya tetapi saya selalu ingin melihat senyum bahagia dari kedua orang tua saya dan rasa bangga yang saya torehkan kepada mereka.
Berbicara mengenai kontribusi terbesar bagi indonesia saya berpikir dengan cara belajar sungguh-sungguh itu merupakan kontribusi yang sedang dilakukan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pendidikan di Indonesia. Jika seseorang belajar dengan sungguh-sungguh dan memiliki kemauan yang tinggi,otomatis segala yang diinginkan akan tercapai. Keinginan saya agar indonesia menjadi lebih baik adalah pendidikan yang merata ke daerah-daerah terpencil tak hanya pendidikan,tetapi berbagai motivasi juga akan diberikan kepada mereka. Saya akan terus mendalami studi tentang pendidikan yang dapat membuka pemahaman saya terhadap pendidikan di indonesia dan dapat membandingkan dengan pendidikan diluar negri. Mempelajari bagaimana sistem pendidikan yang baik dan dapat dipertahankan dari masa ke masa. Langkah pertama  yang akan saya ambil  untuk mewujudkan keinginan saya adalah berusaha mendapatkan beasiswa dan kesempatan untuk studi diluar negri sehingga saya bisa memperdalam ilmu pendidikan yang saya minati. Setelah mendalami itu saya ingin menjadi seorang dosen sekaligus membuat sekolah sendiri dengan merekrut orang-orang yang memiliki intelegensi dan kemauan yang tinggi sebagai pengajarnya,sehingga bisa mencetak generasi muda yang lebih baik lagi.

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STRUCTURE II ( ADJECTIVE CLAUSE)

ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

Introduction

Clause                                   : A clause is a group of words containing a subject and a verb

Independent clause       : An indepedent clause is a complete sentence. It contains the main subject and verb of sentece.(it also called “a main clause”)

Dependent clause           : A dependent clause is not a complete sentence. It must be connected to an independent clause.

Adjective clause               :An adjective clause is a depedent clause that modifies a noun. It describes,identifies,or gives further information about a noun.(an adjective clause is also called “a relative clause”)

Adjective clause

Pronouns                            : An adjective clause uses pronouns to connect the dependent clause to the independent clause. The adjective clause pronouns are use who,whom,which,that,whose.(adjcetive clause pronouns are also called”relative pronouns”)

Adjective clause pronouns used as the subject

a.       I thanked the woman who helped me(i thanked the woman. She helped me.)

In (a) : i thanked the woman =an independent clause; who helped me= an adjective clause.

The adjective clause modifies the noun woman.

b.      I thanked the woman that helped me

In (a): who is the subject of the adjective clause.

In (b): that is the subject of the adjective clause.

Note: (a) and (b) have the same meaning.

c.       The book which is on the table.(the book is mine. It is on the table.)

d.      The book that is on the table is mine.

Who = used for people

Which = used for things

That = used for both people and things

Note: (c) and (d) have the same meaning.

e.      INCORRECT: the book is mine that is on the table

An adjective clause closely follows the noun it modifies.

Adjective clause pronouns used as the object of a verb

a.      The man who(m) i saw was Mr.Jones.(the man was Mr.Jones. i saw him)

In(a): who is usually used instead of whom, especially in speaking. Whom is generally used only formal english.

b.      The man that i saw was Mr.Jones

c.       The man Ø i saw was Mr.Jones.

In(c) and (f) : an object pronoun is often omitted from an adjective clause. (a subject pronoun,however, may not be omitted.)

d.      The movie which we saw last night wasn’t very good.(the movie wasn’t very good. We saw it last night.)

e.      The movie that we saw last night wasn’t very good.

f.        The movie Ø we saw last night wasn’t very good.

Who(m) = used for people

Which = used for things

That = used for both people and things

g.       INCORRECT: the man who(m) i saw him was Mr.Jones.

The man that i saw him was Mr.Jones.

The man i saw him was Mr.Jones.

In(g): the pronoun him must be removed . it is unnecesarry because who(m),that,or Ø functions as the object of the verb saw.

Adjective clause pronouns used as the object of a proposition

(a)   She is the woman about whom i told you.(she is the woman. I told you about her.

(b)   She is the woman who(m) i told you about

(c)    She is the woman that i told you about

(d)   She is the woman Ø i told you about

(e)    The music to which we listened last night was good.

(f)     The music which we listened to last night was good.

(g)   The music that we listened to last night was good.

(h)   The music Ø we listened to last night was good.

In very formal english,the preposition comes at the beginning of the adjective clause,as in(a) and(e). Usually,however,in everyday usage,the preposition comes after the subject and verb of the adjective clause, as in the other examples.

Note: if the preposition comes at the beginning of the adjective clause,only whom or which may be used. A preposition is never immediately followed by that or who.

Usual patterns of adjective clauses

(a)    USUAL  : i like the people who live next to me

LESS USUAL        : I like the people that live next to me

In everyday informal usage,often one adjective clause pattern is used more commonly than another. In(a): as a subject pronoun, who is more common than that

(b)   USUAL   : I like books plots

LESS USUAL        : I like bookswhich have good plots

In(b): as a subject pronoun that is more common than which

(c)    USUAL    : I like the people Ø i met last night

(d)   USUAL    : I liked the people the book Ø i read last week

In (c) and (d): object pronouns are commonly omittec especially in speaking.

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GRAPHOLOGY

 

Graphology is found in the ancient China since 6000 years ago. Jo Hsu Kuo in China said that she can reveal a person's character by the way he writes.
Aristotle, the Greek philosopher in the past 4,000 years has been able to associate handwriting with time owners. Aristotle (Soemantoro, 2009: 2) says that such a human way of thinking is different pronunciation, as well as differences in writing. Furthermore, Aristotle states handwriting reveal three aspects of man: body, mind and spirit.
Meanwhile, a sharper spotlight thrown by Confucius (Soemantoro, 2009: 2) with said handwriting can perfectly indicate whether it came from a smartphone or an open.

Graphology is the study of a person's character by analyzing his handwriting, the first book on graphology was written by Camillo Baldi, a doctor from Italy in 1622. In 1872, Jean Michon published his book which became the subject of graphology books at the time. Soon, universities European universities began to give her Ph.D. or Master's degree in this field.

There are two methods to assess the character and personality through this science, which is a technique German and French techniques. Methods of Germany by way of writing one's overall look. While the French techniques tend to analyze per letter then combined. A beginner usually learn the techniques of the French advance. According to research, the accuracy of graphology analysis reaches 80-90%.

1. The direction of the slope of the letter
To the right = expressive, emotional
Upright = restraint, emotions were
Left = shut down
In all directions in one sentence = inconsistent
In all directions in one word = no problems with his personality

2. The general form letters
Round or circular = natural, easygoing
Angular = aggressive, to the point, a powerful energy
Rectilinear = realistic, practice-based experience
Graffiti irregular = artistic, do not have a standard

3. The letters continued or not
Continued entirely = social, loves to talk and meet with people
Semidetached partly off = shy, idealistic rather difficult relationship (especially a special relationship).
Remove the whole = thinking before acting, intelligent, carefully

4. Spacing between words
Is firmly = likes to talk (perhaps someone who is always busy?)
Meetings / As if a = impatient, confident and quick to act

5. The vertical distance between lines of text
Very much = isolated, close up, perhaps even anti-social
Enough is so letters in the top row is not in contact with the line underneath = wasteful, talkative
Within the meeting so that the lower end of the letter 'y', 'g', touched the top end of the letter 'h', 't' = a good organizer

6. Interpretation of the letter 't'
The layout of the crossbeam (-) on the hook 't'
- Tend to the left = personal alert, do not easily believe
- Right in the middle of the = person who is less original but very responsible
- Tend to the right = Private reliable, conscientious, able to lead
The length of the hook 't' shows the potential ability to achieve the target.
High-low beam (-) on the hook 't'
- Low = setting the target is lower than the actual ability (lack of confidence or idler)
- Height = setting high targets but also offset by the ability
- On top of the hook = setting higher targets than ability

7. Directions writing on paper
Up / uphill = energetic, optimistic, assertive
Fixed / Straight = perfectionist, hard to get along
Down = a depressed or tired, the possibility of self-closing

8. The pressure when writing
The stronger the pressure, the greater the emotional intensity of their authors.

9. The size of the letters
The smaller the letters were written, the greater The concentration level of the author, and vice versa.

10. A bit of the letter "O"
- The existence of secret shown by a small circle on the letter "O"
- Lie indicated by a circle of the letter "O" that leads to the right

 Appraisal Graphology
There are three aspects judged on graphology. When someone was writing something, at the same time he was using all three aspects exist in her physical, mental and emotional.
Someone holding a pen by hand (physically) using his intelligence (mental) to communicate something in writing, at the same exact condition of private emotions involved in it (for example: the experience fun / depressing, etc.).

I. Physical Aspects
Handwriting reveals the physical aspects such as the identity and status of physical health (alcohol, health problems, etc.).
1. As an identity, we often write a signature on a will or other legal document. The reason is that we need written proof that even the signature on the check or a legal document, so that the letter can be identified and authenticated. A good article that are not easily counterfeited can be done by writing as clearly as possible, as far as possible uninterrupted writing and written as fast as possible.
2. As the physical health status, regardless of our physical health condition will be reflected in our writing. If the person feels physically ill, it will be easy to spot, especially when the situation is in a state of frustration, drunk alcohol, drugs, etc.

 -For grafolog who jumped into the medical field, they will be able to find out the specifics there any interference in a person's body, and if in a state of "fly", the medical grafolog can know the effect of what happens to the individual. It can be seen as any drug or drink we drink will affect the body and also affect our handwriting.
 -Writing is a skill motion produced by a physical mechanism and any conflict with the function of motion, balance, nerves will appear in our handwriting.
- Our identity is a characteristic of individualistic, do not care how our condition, whatever it will be reflected in our writing, but the status of a temporary health such as headaches and headaches.

II. Mental aspects
Human uses written symbols to communicate ideas, thoughts, etc. this proves that good human intelligence and the intelligence of every human being is different. Type of intelligence can be measured by IQ tests, and there are various IQ tests currently available, but we are discussing here is the innate intelligence and the intelligence function that would lead to a person's individual talents and abilities. "Intelligence innate intelligence refers to a person who is an inborn".
"Functional Intelligence refers to how a person 'be smart' in his life"

For example, some individuals have high IQs but there are behind bars for various reasons. They do have an innate intelligence to intelligence but less functional. The same thing happens is there are people who have an IQ when tested, including standard or less, but can be an entrepreneur or become a successful scientist, this is because they have a good functional intelligence.

III. Aspects of Emotion
Handwriting reveals how the way we think, act and feel. Without realizing it, a word or set of words that can be written into a single unit that reflects the ego within oneself.


Not only that, graphology also studied at Harvard Psychological Clinic in 1930 by Gordon Allport. Then in 1955 Klara Roman and George Staemphli develop the essential factors to assess the character of handwriting. Until now, many universities in Europe megangkat and make graphology as part of the curriculum for the Department grafologi.7 Furthermore Graphology has developed rapidly in France by generating figures in the field of graphology, including: Jules Depoin, Binet G. Tarde and the Aruss Assene are members of the Association Study Centre development Grafolog. Then moved to Germany in the mid-eighteenth century with the appearance of Adolf Hentze, Sohwiedland, Gerhard Wilhelm Langen Bruch, and Rudolphine Poppee. Some names such as; Irene B. Levitt in Brain Writing, 8 Gloria Hergreaves and Peggy Wilson in A Dictionary of Grafology, 9, and Andrea Mc.Nichol in Handwriting Analysis 10 is a graphology expert successor of this century. The work does have considerable benefits, but the elements of innovation of the above work impressed normative. Therefore, the tendency of writing used graphology experts still lettered or alphabetically latin alphabet. Surely this is reasonable, because of graphology is derived and developed in the western world.

Expert:
Profile Jean Michon
Abbe Jean Hyppplyte Michon (1806 - 1881), an educator in France, devoting much of their time on the science of handwriting. Michon later published papers on the system to analyze handwriting, which outlines how the elements or "signs" of certain (such as scratches and shape of a person) associated with certain personality traits. He introduced the name to describe the study of graphology. Michon is also considered instrumental in encouraging the dissemination of interest garfologi, both in the public and academic sphere. Jean Michon formed Graphological Society (Graphology Institute) in Paris, which flourished until the Second World War (1939-1945).
Michon managed to collect catalogs filled with graphic signs and the characteristics of its regularity. For successfully implementing the basics of Modern Graphology, then Michon considered the Father of Modern Graphology until now.
Another French man and also a pupil Michon, namely Crepieux Jules Jamin (1858 - 1940) take the theory a step further. He believed that handwriting should be investigated as a unified whole and its interpretation must rely on other features. He divides the basic elements of handwriting into seven categories: the dimensions, shape, pressure, speed, direction, layout (layout) and continuity. Jamin Crepieux approach became the basis for the flow of graphology in France. This approach also gives an influence in the fields of psychology and became the foundation for Gestalt approaches to handwriting analysis.
Graphology related problems were first published in a journal: Deutsche Gesellschaft Graphologische published in 1895, One editor (Wilhiem Preyer) had argued that Handwriting is basically Posts Brain. As well as in publishing both in: Graphologische Monatshefte published in 1897 made by Hans Busse.

Graphology is based on some science:
• Medicine: Developed by R. Pophal from the University of Hamburg, who associate handwriting with a variety of matters related to the brain and perform a variety of verification tests.
• Psychology: developed by Ludwig Klages who argued that handwriting is a form of self expression and reflect the personality of a person.

Benefits of Graphology
By graphology we can find self-motivation, emotional stability, mental states, interests and talents, intellectual trend even own strengths and weaknesses. Graphology is one of the sciences across the ages who have a lot of benefits in various fields. Some examples of fields that utilize the science of graphology, namely:
a. industry: to help determine personality / character, including dishonestynya, assist in the process of recruitment and placement of employees.
b. Military field (military and police): as a tool to help uncover the lies and crimes suspects in possession of firearms permit process. (In Australia garfologi accuracy is more credible than mengguanakan Lie detector, so there graphology very important in use.
c. The field of psychology: help interpret the data, helping to detect abnormalities in the tendency of clients.
d. The field of education: to assist in the placement of the student class (IPA / IPS / English) and helpful for placement majors after graduating from college, familiar with the talents and interests of students.

And there's more benefits, for example again to the family, to help each other better understand the character pairs each - each, so that the interrelatedness of understanding each other, to know the personality of the child, if the child has an inclination abnormality on sexuality, psychological, or emotional, kcenderungan lie, even knowing the tendency of the child talent. And of course, for ourselves or individuals graphology is useful to help better understand our own advantages and disadvantages. Graphology can also be used to determine the nature of the prospective spouses. If it matches with our characters, or do we have to look for other suitable person as the companion of our lives.

Limitations of graphology.
Graphology is very useful to analyze a person's personality. Much can be done after knowing the personality. Not only personality, handwriting may also reflect the feelings and psychological condition of the author. However, such methods of measurement other personality, graphology also has some limitations. There are some things we can not know from the handwriting, namely; age, sex and left-handers.
In psychology there are two types of age, the chronological age and mental age. Chronological age is the age of man that counted since he was born. Stages one's psychic abilities are expressed in years such as chronological age. People who have normal alignment between chronological age and mental age. If the mental age of less than chronological age, can be said to be mentally retarded. Graphology can only be used to analyze a person's mental age, not chronological age.
Just by looking at the handwriting is not sufficient to determine a person's sex. Because there are no clear guidelines to determine sex by handwriting.

Many scientists argue that the Graphology belongs to the group of the Phony science (not real), but still got the attention and rapid development in the country - negra Europe, especially in Belgium, Germany, France, the Netherlands and Switzerland. In Indonesia, Graphology undeveloped learned some people. Graphology in Indonesia is only used a few select employees with the company 'in view and analyze handwriting, which is also used as a tool Prikodiagnosik / Psychological Tests.



REFERENCE

http://hrplasa.id/blog/read/268/SEKILAS-SEJARAH-GRAFOLOGI

https://www.geni.com/people/Jean-Michon/6000000020252853679

http://judultesisskripsigratis.blogspot.co.id/2010/02/sejarah-ilmu-tulisan-tangan-grafologi.html

http://www.wirasabha.web.id/sejarah-grafologi

http://deteksipotensi.blogspot.co.id/2015/09/teori-kepribadian-menurut-bapak.html

https://fahmiizz92.wordpress.com/2013/02/18/sejarah-perkembagan-grafologi/

http://winda-anggraeni.blogspot.co.id/2014/06/grafologi.html

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